U.S. Department of State Roundtable on Cambodia March 26, 2025: Identifying the Critical Issues in Cambodia That Urgently Need Attention and Action

Four months ago, the U.S. Department of State asked the Khmer community to provide them with the five issues areas that were most important in Cambodia today. This brief report provides the Khmer communityโ€™s responses to that request.

We conducted a survey of the Khmer community to identify their most urgent concerns and issues. We received 620+ responses from individual Khmer community members and groups to that request. 52% of those responses came from inside Cambodia.

The result of that survey provides the five issue areas that the individual members of the Khmer community will be presenting to the U.S. Department of State at this roundtable.

However, we must begin the discussion by recognizing that another major issue has developed in the past two weeks. That is the U.S. governmentโ€™s closure of Radio Free Asia (RFA) and Voice of America (VOA) has deprived the Khmer community of the eyes, ears and voices that have sustained them for decades. Something must be done to address this action in order to alleviate the problem.

Key issues identified by the Khmer international community:

  1. The increasing erosion and repression of human rights, rule of law, and democracy in Cambodia. As part of the Hun Manet and Hun Sen regimes' goals of eliminating dissent and criticism, controlling the political process and the elections, and ensuring a permanent hereditary autocracy, these abuses have been ongoing and increasing. The elimination of political oppression and the mass criminal trials that accompany it, including the closing of independent media outlets.

  2. The extensive territorial and sovereignty incursions taking place by the governments of China and Vietnam. They include, of course, the building of the massive naval base by China in Ream and Siem Reap. But there are many other similar incursions taking place throughout the country that must be addressed.

  3. The illegal land evictions taking place on a massive scale throughout Cambodia. Amnesty International made a very successful initiative dealing with the land evictions taking place on a massive scale, covering 10,000 families (40,000 people) in the Angkor Wat region in Siem Reap. But the problem with land evictions by the government has been extensive and ongoing, affecting local livelihoods and resulting in significant economic opportunity loss, demanding much more complete attention and response.

  4. The emerging issue of cross-border violations, violence and intimidation. In addition to the three priority areas, the growing issue of cross-border violations, cross-border violence and intimidations that you mentioned in your communication deserves immediate attention and action. This issue, often referred to as "transnational repression," has generated a growing level of interest and concern within the Khmer community, particularly regarding the kidnapping and forced repatriation of refugees and dissidents to Cambodia.

  5. The economic issue. There is an overwhelming sentiment that much more needs to be done on the economic side. Hun Manet, Hun Sen, and their family respond most clearly to the money-related issues. As demonstrated by the โ€œ18 brands initiativeโ€ and recent effort to link U.S. foreign aid to progress in human rights and the release of political prisoners, strategic economic leverage can produce meaningful and effective progress.

As to your most critical question of what the U.S. government can do to address these priority concerns, the overwhelming view of the Khmer international community is that the U.S. government can and must do considerably more, particularly on the economic side. A successful precedent was established during the U.S. visit to Cambodia on October 23, 2024, helped secure the release of political prisoners by linking positive steps to grants and aid. This demonstrated that strategic use of economic leverage can incentivize meaningful reforms. Similar linkages should be considered for other forms of economic support, such as trade agreements and tariff controls, to push for concrete improvements in human rights, rule of law and democratic governance by the Hun Manet and Hun Sen government.

Strengthening economic leverage is essential to countering Chinaโ€™s growing influence in Cambodia. The survey responses from the Khmer international community unanimously indicated that the U.S. has a direct and strategic interest in pressing the Hun Manet and Hun Sen regime for meaningful and effective changes. Containing the expansionist initiatives by China especially, and by Vietnam is in the direct national interest of the United States. This is especially true of the military installations that China is installing in Ream, Siem Reap and other locations, which are directly linked to the economic control that China has gained and is actively exercising through its ownership of textile factories across Cambodia. Strategic action is needed to address and deal with Chinaโ€™s and Vietnamโ€™s growing influence and to protect Cambodiaโ€™s sovereignty.

Using U.S. Economic Leverage as a Pressure Point

The Khmer international community would like to provide the U.S. State Department with some concrete examples of the type of pressure points that can be used to influence the behavior of the Hun Manet and Hun Sen government. These pressure points aim to produce measurable improvements and reforms in human rights, the rule of law, and political freedoms.

The community has identified economic leverage as having the greatest potential for meaningful impact and requiring significant attention from the U.S. government.

Economic leverage has already proven to be a powerful tool in influencing the Cambodian governmentโ€™s behavior.

One example of a highly effective use of pressure in the past year was the "18 brands initiative," where major companies doing business with Cambodia joined together to push for concrete changes in how the government dealt with labor and human rights issues. That effort was made privately, but the U.S. government is in an even stronger position to apply similar pressure. The US is one of the largest importers of Cambodian textile goods and engages in major trade with the Cambodian governmentโ€”enormous economic benefits that directly benefits the Hun Manet and Hun Sen family.

Just as President Trump is using tariffs to advance policy objectives, the U.S. State Department can strategically leverage Cambodiaโ€™s economic dependence on U.S. trade, particularly in the textile sector, to push for concrete reforms and greater accountability from the Hun Manet and Hun Sen government.

A second example of a strategic opportunity for the U.S. to apply economic pressure is Cambodiaโ€™s textile industry, which is heavily influence by the Chinese government and investors. Chinaโ€™s deep involvement in Cambodian textile manufacturing created a key pressure point and opportunity for the U.S. to counter Chinaโ€™s economic and military incursions in Cambodia. By strategically leveraging Cambodiaโ€™s reliance on the textile sector for trade and investment, the U.S. can push back against Chinaโ€™s growing control and encourage great accountability from the Cambodian government on both economic and military issues.

We have provided you with examples of the follow-up that need to be done to try to remedy and deal with the problem areas that the Khmer community has identified. We understand that much more needs to be done in this regard. We are not able to provide a comprehensive list at this meeting. But, the Khmer community, over the next several months, would like to work with the U.S. State Department over the next several months to identify more concrete, remedial actions that can be taken.

 

แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžปแŸ†แžแžปแž˜แžผแž›แž“แŸƒแž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš แžŸแŸ’แžแžธแž–แžธแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธ แŸขแŸฆ แžแŸ‚แž˜แžธแž“แžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แŸขแŸ แŸขแŸฅแŸ– แž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แŸ—แž“แŸ…แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž™แž€แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž‘แžปแž€แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž‡แžถแž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž“แŸ‹แŸ” 

แž€แžถแž›แž–แžธแž”แžฝแž“แžแŸ‚แž˜แžปแž“ แž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž”แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แž“แžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž•แŸ’แžแž›แŸ‹แž“แžผแžœแž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแŸ† แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแžถแžšแŸˆแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแžแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž“แžถแž–แŸแž›แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แž“แŸแŸ‡แŸ” แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžšแž”แžถแž™แž€แžถแžšแžŽแŸ แžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž” แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™ แžแž” แž…แŸ†แž–แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแŸ†แžŽแžพแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„ แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แŸ”  

แž™แžพแž„แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแžŸแŸ’แž‘แž„แŸ‹แž˜แžแžทแž–แžธแžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแžŸแŸ’แžแžธแž–แžธแž€แž„แŸ’แžœแž›แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž“แŸ‹แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแžแž‡แžถแžขแžถแž‘แžทแž—แžถแž–แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž–แžฝแž€แž‚แžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž™แžพแž„แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แž‡แžถแž„ แŸฆแŸขแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™แžแž”แŸ” แŸฅแŸข% แž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™แžแž”แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž”แžถแž“แž˜แž€แž–แžธแž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžฝแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ”  

แž›แž‘แŸ’แž’แž•แž› แž“แŸƒ แž€แžถแžš แžŸแŸ’แž‘แž„แŸ‹แž˜แžแžท แž“แŸ„แŸ‡ แž‚แžบแžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž”แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžถ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž…แŸ†แž”แž„ แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแŸ† แžŠแŸ‚แž› แžŸแž˜แžถแž‡แžทแž€ แž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แŸ— แž“แŸƒ แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš แž”แžถแž“ แž”แž„แŸ’แž แžถแž‰ แž‡แžผแž“ แž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸ แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„ แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžปแŸ†แžแžปแž˜แžผแž› แž“แŸแŸ‡แŸ”  

แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž‘แŸ„แŸ‡แž”แžธแž‡แžถแž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŽแžถแž€แŸแžŠแŸ„แž™ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž˜แžฝแž™แž‘แŸ€แžแžŠแŸ‚แž›แž”แžถแž“แžœแžทแžœแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž–แžธแžšแžŸแž”แŸ’แžแžถแž แŸแž€แž“แŸ’แž›แž„แž˜แž€แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž‚แžบแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž”แžถแž“แž”แžทแž‘แžœแžทแž‘แŸ’แž™แžปแžขแžถแžŸแŸŠแžธแžŸแŸแžšแžธ (RFA) แž“แžทแž„แžœแžทแž‘แŸ’แž™แžปแžŸแŸ†แžกแŸแž„แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ (VOA) แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž™แžพแž„แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž•แŸ’แžแžพแž˜แž™แž€แž˜แž€แž–แžทแž—แžถแž€แŸ’แžŸแžถแŸ” แž€แžถแžšแž”แžทแž‘แžœแžทแž‘แŸ’แž™แžปแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž–แžธแžšแž“แŸแŸ‡ แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž„แŸ‹แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€ แžแŸ’แžšแž…แŸ€แž€ แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ†แžกแŸแž„ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแž™แž–แŸแžแŸŒแž˜แžถแž“แž–แžทแžแž–แžธแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแžขแžŸแŸ‹แžšแž™แŸˆแž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž‘แžŸแžœแžแŸ’แžŸแžšแŸแž˜แž€แž แžพแž™แŸ” แž™แžพแž„แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžแŸ‚แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžขแŸ’แžœแžธแž˜แžฝแž™ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž“แŸแŸ‡แžกแžพแž„แžœแžทแž‰ แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž€แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž™แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแŸ” 

แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แŸ—แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แžแŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž‚แžถแž›แŸ‹แŸ–  

แŸก. แž€แžถแžšแž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‚แžถแž”แžŸแž„แŸ’แž€แžแŸ‹แž›แžพแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸ แž“แžธแžแžทแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แž“แžทแž„แž›แž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž’แžทแž”แžแŸแž™แŸ’แž™แž“แŸ…แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แž“แŸแŸ‡แž‡แžถแž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แž˜แžฝแž™แž“แŸƒแž‚แŸ„แž›แžŠแŸ…แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžšแž”แž”แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“ แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž›แžปแž”แž”แŸ†แž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž˜แžแžทแž”แŸ’แžšแž†แžถแŸ†แž„ แž€แžถแžšแž˜แžทแž“แž–แŸแž‰แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแžšแžทแŸ‡แž‚แž“แŸ‹ แž€แžถแžšแž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžพแžšแž€แžถแžšแž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ„แŸ‡แž†แŸ’แž“แŸ„แž แž“แžทแž„แž’แžถแž“แžถแž“แžผแžœแžšแž”แž”แžŸแŸ’แžœแŸแž™แž—แžถแž–แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž–แžผแž‡แžขแž…แžทแž“แŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแŸƒแž™แŸ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แžถแžšแžšแŸ†แž›แŸ„แž—แž”แŸ†แž–แžถแž“แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸแŸ‡แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„แž‡แžถแž›แŸ†แžŠแžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ” แž€แžถแžšแž›แžปแž”แž”แŸ†แž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž€แžถแžšแž‚แŸ€แž”แžŸแž„แŸ’แž€แžแŸ‹แž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™ แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžกแžพแž„แžขแž˜แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž€แžถแžแŸ‹แž€แŸ’แžแžธแžงแž€แŸ’แžšแžทแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž‘แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‘แŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž’แŸ† แžšแžฝแž˜แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžทแž‘แž”แŸ’แžšแž–แŸแž“แŸ’แž’แž•แŸ’แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแž™แžฏแž€แžšแžถแž‡แŸ’แž™แŸ”  

แŸข. แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž“แŸƒแž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž…แžทแž“ แž“แžทแž„แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜ แžˆแŸ’แž›แžถแž“แž–แžถแž“แž‘แžนแž€แžŠแžธ แž“แžทแž„แžšแŸ†แž›แŸ„แž—แžขแž’แžทแž”แžแŸแž™แŸ’แž™แž—แžถแž–แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž‘แžผแž›แŸ†แž‘แžผแž›แžถแž™แŸ” แž‡แžถแž€แžถแžšแž–แžทแž แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แž‰แŸ’แž…แžผแž›แž€แžถแžšแž€แžŸแžถแž„แž˜แžผแž›แžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž“แž‘แŸแž–แž‡แžพแž„แž‘แžนแž€แžŠแŸแž’แŸ†แžŠแŸ„แž™แž…แžทแž“แž“แŸ…แžšแžถแž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž“แŸ…แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแžŸแŸ€แž˜แžšแžถแž”แŸ” แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚ แž˜แžถแž“ แž€แžถแžšแž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแž“แž€แžถแžšแž€แžŸแžถแž„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžŠแŸ€แž„ แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž“แŸแŸ‡ แž‡แžถ แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“ แž‘แŸ€แž แžŠแŸ‚แž› แž€แžพแž แžกแžพแž„ แž“แŸ… แž‘แžผแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„ แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸ แžŠแŸ‚แž› แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœ แžแŸ‚ แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แŸ”  

แŸฃ. แž€แžถแžšแž”แžŽแŸ’แžแŸแž‰แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžŠแžธแž’แŸ’แž›แžธแžŠแŸ„แž™แžแžปแžŸแž…แŸ’แž”แžถแž”แŸ‹ แž€แžพแžแžกแžพแž„แž‡แžถแž‘แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‘แŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž’แŸ†แž“แŸ…แž‘แžผแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž›แžพแž€แž›แŸ‚แž„แž‘แŸ„แžŸแžขแž“แŸ’แžแžšแž‡แžถแžแžทแž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž‚แŸ†แž“แžทแžแž•แŸ’แžแžฝแž…แž•แŸ’แžแžพแž˜แžŠแŸแž‡แŸ„แž‚แž‡แŸแž™แž˜แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž€แžถแžšแž”แžŽแŸ’แžแŸแž‰แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžŠแžธแž’แŸ’แž›แžธแžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แžพแžแžกแžพแž„แž‡แžถแž‘แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‘แŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž’แŸ† แž‘แŸ…แž›แžพแž–แž›แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แŸกแŸ ,แŸ แŸ แŸ  แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžš (แŸคแŸ ,แŸ แŸ แŸ  แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹) แž“แŸ…แžแŸ†แž”แž“แŸ‹แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แžšแžœแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแžŸแŸ€แž˜แžšแžถแž”แŸ” แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแž”แžŽแŸ’แžแŸแž‰แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžŠแžธแž’แŸ’แž›แžธแžŠแŸ„แž™แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž› แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž€แžพแžแžกแžพแž„แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž‘แžผแž›แŸ†แž‘แžผแž›แžถแž™ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž”แŸ‰แŸ‡แž–แžถแž›แŸ‹แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž–แž›แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžŽแŸ’แžแžถแž›แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž„แŸ‹แžฑแž€แžถแžŸแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹ แž‘แžถแž˜แž‘แžถแžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž™แž€แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž‘แžปแž€แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™แžแž”แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแž“แž–แŸแž‰แž›แŸแž‰แž”แž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž˜แž‘แŸ€แžแŸ” 

แŸค. แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž€แžพแžแž˜แžถแž“แž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแžšแŸ†แž›แŸ„แž—แž”แŸ†แž–แžถแž“แž†แŸ’แž›แž„แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ‚แž“ แžขแŸ†แž–แžพแž แžทแž„แŸ’แžŸแžถ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ†แž—แžทแžแž”แŸ†แž—แŸแž™แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž˜แž–แžธแž›แžพแžœแžทแžŸแŸแž™แžขแžถแž‘แžทแž—แžถแž–แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แžธ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„แž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแžšแŸ†แž›แŸ„แž—แž”แŸ†แž–แžถแž“แž†แŸ’แž›แž„แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ‚แž“ แžขแŸ†แž–แžพแž แžนแž„แŸ’แžŸแžถแž†แŸ’แž›แž„แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ‚แž“ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ†แž—แžทแžแž”แŸ†แž—แŸแž™แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž™แžพแž„แž”แžถแž“แž›แžพแž€แžกแžพแž„แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‘แŸ†แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แŸ†แž“แž„แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“ แž‚แžฝแžšแžแŸ‚แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž”แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž™แž€แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž‘แžปแž€แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžœแžทแž’แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž—แŸ’แž›แžถแž˜แŸ—แŸ” แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž“แŸแŸ‡ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‡แžถแžšแžฟแž™แŸ—แž แŸ…แžแžถ "แž€แžถแžšแž‚แžถแž”แžŸแž„แŸ’แž€แžแŸ‹แž†แŸ’แž›แž„แžŠแŸ‚แž“" แž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„แž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แžขแžถแžšแž˜แŸ’แž˜แžŽแŸ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž–แŸ’แžšแžฝแž™แž”แžถแžšแž˜แŸ’แž—แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸแž‘แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แž„แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžšแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‡แŸ†แžšแžทแž แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แž„แŸ’แžแŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‡แž“แž—แŸ€แžŸแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“ แž“แžทแž„แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž”แŸ’แžšแž†แžถแŸ†แž„ แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž˜แžถแžแžปแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž“แžทแžœแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸ แžแŸ’แžšแžกแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแžœแžทแž‰แŸ”  

แŸฅ. แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แŸ” แž–แž›แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž˜แžถแž“แž˜แž“แŸ„แžŸแž‰แŸ’แž…แŸแžแž“แžถแžŠแŸแž›แžพแžŸแž›แž”แŸ‹แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž”แž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž˜แž‘แŸ€แžแž›แžพแž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แŸ” แž›แŸ„แž€แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“ แž“แžทแž„ แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜ แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžš แž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™ แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„ แž…แŸ’แž”แžถแžŸแŸ‹ แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแž แž…แŸ†แž–แŸ„แŸ‡ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถ แž‘แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แž„ แž“แžนแž„ แž‘แžนแž€แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แŸ‹แŸ” แžŠแžผแž…แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž แžถแž‰แžŠแŸ„แž™ "แž‚แŸ†แž“แžทแžแž•แŸ’แžแžฝแž…แž•แŸ’แžแžพแž˜แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž แŸŠแžปแž“แžŠแŸแž›แŸ’แž”แžธแž‘แžถแŸ†แžข แŸกแŸจ" แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแžแžทแžแžแŸ†แž”แŸ’แžšแžนแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž„แž“แžถแž–แŸแž›แžแŸ’แž˜แžธแŸ—แž“แŸแŸ‡ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž—แŸ’แž‡แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‡แŸ†แž“แžฝแž™แž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž‘แŸ…แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžšแžœแžทแžœแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸแž“แŸƒแž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž›แŸ‚แž„แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž‘แŸ„แžŸแž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™ แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž›แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž‡แžถแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแžขแžถแž…แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแžœแžŒแŸ’แžแž“แž—แžถแž–แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžŠแŸ„แž™แžขแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แž—แžถแž–แŸ” 

แž…แŸ†แž–แŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ†แžŽแžฝแžšแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแžแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš แžขแŸ†แž–แžธแžขแŸ’แžœแžธแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แžขแžถแž…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž”แžถแž“แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž€แž„แŸ’แžœแž›แŸ‹แž‡แžถแžขแžถแž‘แžทแž—แžถแž–แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž‘แžŸแŸ’แžŸแž“แŸˆแžŠแŸแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž›แžพแžŸแž›แž”แŸ‹แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€ แž‚แžบแžแžถ แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แžขแžถแž…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž”แžถแž“แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“ แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸแž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แŸ” แž‚แŸ†แžšแžผแž‡แŸ„แž‚แž‡แŸแž™แž˜แžฝแž™แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแžกแžพแž„แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžขแŸ†แžกแžปแž„แž‘แžŸแŸ’แžŸแž“แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž˜แž€แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธ แŸขแŸฃ แžแŸ‚แžแžปแž›แžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แŸขแŸ แŸ แŸค แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžฝแž™แž’แžถแž“แžถแž€แžถแžšแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž›แŸ‚แž„แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž‘แŸ„แžŸแž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™ แž‡แžถแž‡แŸ†แž แžถแž“แžœแžทแž‡แŸ’แž‡แž˜แžถแž“แž˜แžฝแž™ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžขแž“แžปแž‰แŸ’แž‰แžถแžแžทแžฒแŸ’แž™แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž›แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž‡แŸ†แž“แžฝแž™แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แŸ” แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž”แžถแž“ แž”แž„แŸ’แž แžถแž‰ แžแžถ แž€แžถแžš แž”แŸ’แžšแžพ แž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžš แž“แŸƒ แžขแžถแž“แžปแž—แžถแž– แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แžขแžถแž… แž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแž‰ แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“ แž€แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž‘แž˜แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹ แžŠแŸ แž˜แžถแž“ แž“แŸแž™แŸ” แž‘แŸ†แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แŸ†แž“แž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžŠแŸ€แž„แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž“แŸแŸ‡แž‚แžฝแžšแžแŸ‚แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž–แžทแž…แžถแžšแžŽแžถแžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž‘แž˜แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸแž„แž‘แŸ€แžแž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแž‚แžถแŸ†แž‘แŸ’แžšแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แžŠแžผแž…แž‡แžถแž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž–แŸ’แžšแž˜แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ€แž„แž–แžถแžŽแžทแž‡แŸ’แž‡แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแžแŸ’แžšแžฝแžแž–แžทแž“แžทแžแŸ’แž™แž–แž“แŸ’แž’แžŠแžถแžš แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแž‰แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž€แŸ‚แž›แž˜แŸ’แžขแž‡แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžแŸ‚แž„แž›แžพแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸ แž“แžธแžแžทแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แž“แžทแž„แžขแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžแžถแž˜แž”แŸ‚แž”แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž’แžทแž”แžแŸแž™แŸ’แž™แžŠแŸ„แž™แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž› แž›แŸ„แž€แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“แŸ”   

แž€แžถแžšแž–แž„แŸ’แžšแžนแž„แžขแžถแž“แžปแž—แžถแž–แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแžถแžšแŸˆแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‘แž”แŸ‹แž‘แž›แŸ‹แž“แžนแž„แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž›แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž…แžทแž“แž“แŸ…แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แž€แžถแžšแž†แŸ’แž›แžพแž™แžแž”แž€แžถแžšแžŸแŸ’แž‘แž„แŸ‹แž˜แžแžทแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž แžถแž‰แž‡แžถแžฏแž€แž…แŸ’แž†แŸแž“แŸ’แž‘แžแžถ แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž˜แžถแž“แž•แž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แŸ„แž‡แž“แŸแž•แŸ’แž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž‡แžถแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‚แžถแž”แžŸแž„แŸ’แž€แžแŸ‹แžšแž”แž” แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“ แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžแžผแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžŠแŸ„แž™แžขแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แž—แžถแž–แŸ” แž€แžถแžš แž˜แžถแž“ แž‚แŸ†แž“แžทแž แž•แŸ’แžŠแžฝแž…แž•แŸ’แžŠแžพแž˜ แž–แž„แŸ’แžšแžธแž€ แž“แžทแž™แž˜ แžŠแŸ„แž™ แž…แžทแž“ แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸ แžŠแŸ„แž™ แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜ แž‚แžบ แž‡แžถ แž•แž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แŸ„แž‡แž“แŸ แž•แŸ’แž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹ แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แžแŸ‚แž˜แŸ’แžแž„แŸ” แž“แŸแŸ‡แž‡แžถแž€แžถแžšแž–แžทแž แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸแž€แžถแžšแž…แžทแž“แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แžŠแŸ†แžกแžพแž„แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž™แŸ„แž’แžถแž“แŸ…แžšแžถแž˜ แž“แŸ…แžŸแŸ€แž˜แžšแžถแž” แž“แžทแž„แž“แŸ…แž‘แžธแžแžถแŸ†แž„แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸแž„แž‘แŸ€แž แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž—แŸ’แž‡แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแŸ„แž™แž•แŸ’แž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž…แžทแž“แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž”แžถแž“ แž“แžทแž„แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แžขแž“แžปแžœแžแŸ’แžแž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžแžถแž˜แžšแž™แŸˆแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แž“แŸƒแžšแŸ„แž„แž…แž€แŸ’แžšแžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž‘แžผแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแž“แŸแŸ‡แž‡แžถแž€แžถแžšแž…แžถแŸ†แž”แžถแž…แŸ‹ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž›แž…แžทแž“ แž“แžทแž„แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„แž‡แžถแž›แŸ†แžŠแžถแž”แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž€แžถแžšแž–แžถแžšแžขแž’แžทแž”แžแŸแž™แŸ’แž™แž—แžถแž–แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” 

แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแžพแž”แŸ’แžšแžถแžŸแŸ‹แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž›แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แž‡แžถแžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ 

แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸ แž”แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แžแž›แŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™ แž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸ แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž“แžผแžœ แžงแž‘แžถแž แžšแžŽแŸ แž‡แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžแŸ‚แž„ แž˜แžฝแž™ แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แžขแŸ†แž–แžธ แž”แŸ’แžšแž—แŸแž‘ แž“แŸƒ แž€แžถแžš แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹ แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’ แžŠแŸ‚แž› แžขแžถแž… แž”แŸ’แžšแžพ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธ แž‡แŸ‡แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž› แž›แžพ แžขแžถแž€แž”แŸ’แž”แž€แžทแžšแžทแž™แžถ แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž› แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„ แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“แŸ” แž…แŸ†แžŽแžปแž…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸแŸ‡แž˜แžถแž“แž‚แŸ„แž›แž”แŸ†แžŽแž„แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž€แžถแžšแž€แŸ‚แž›แž˜แŸ’แžขแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžขแžถแž…แžœแžถแžŸแŸ‹แžœแŸ‚แž„แž”แžถแž“ แž“แžทแž„แž€แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž‘แž˜แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž›แžพแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸ แž“แžธแžแžทแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸแžšแžธแž—แžถแž–แž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™แŸ”   

แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš แž”แžถแž“แž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แžขแžถแž“แžปแž—แžถแž–แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžแžถแž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž€แŸ’แžแžถแž“แžปแž–แž›แžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแžแžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž•แž›แž”แŸ‰แŸ‡แž–แžถแž›แŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžŠแŸ„แž™แžขแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž‘แžถแž˜แž‘แžถแžšแž€แžถแžšแž™แž€แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž‘แžปแž€แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž–แžธแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แŸ”   

แžขแžถแž“แžปแž—แžถแž– แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž”แžถแž“ แž”แž„แŸ’แž แžถแž‰ แžฒแŸ’แž™ แžƒแžพแž‰ แžšแžฝแž… แž แžพแž™ แžแžถ แž‡แžถ แžงแž”แž€แžšแžŽแŸ แžŠแŸ แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžŸแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž—แžถแž– แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„ แž€แžถแžš แž‡แŸ‡แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž› แžŠแž›แŸ‹ แžขแžถแž€แž”แŸ’แž”แž€แžทแžšแžทแž™แžถ แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž› แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ”   

แžงแž‘แžถแž แžšแžŽแŸแž˜แžฝแž™แž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแžพแž”แŸ’แžšแžถแžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžŠแŸ„แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แž—แžถแž–แžแŸ’แž–แžŸแŸ‹แž€แžถแž›แž–แžธแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž˜แžปแž“แž‚แžบ "แž‚แŸ†แž“แžทแžแž•แŸ’แžแžฝแž…แž•แŸ’แžแžพแž˜แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž แŸŠแžปแž“แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„ แŸกแŸจ" แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž แŸŠแžปแž“แž’แŸ†แŸ—แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžขแžถแž‡แžธแžœแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž“แŸ…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž”แžถแž“แžšแžฝแž˜แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแž‰แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžแžผแžšแž‡แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžแŸ‚แž„แžขแŸ†แž–แžธแžšแž”แŸ€แž”แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžš แž“แžทแž„แžŸแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸแŸ” แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžแžทแžแžแŸ†แž”แŸ’แžšแžนแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžกแžพแž„แž‡แžถแž›แž€แŸ’แžแžŽแŸˆแžฏแž€แž‡แž“ แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž‡แŸ†แž แžšแž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžขแž“แžปแžœแžแŸ’แžแžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’แžŸแŸ’แžšแžŠแŸ€แž„แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž“แŸแŸ‡แŸ” แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž‚แžบแž‡แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž“แžถแŸ†แž…แžผแž›แž‘แŸ†แž“แžทแž‰แžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒแžŠแŸแž’แŸ†แž”แŸ†แž•แžปแžแž˜แžฝแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แž แžพแž™แžขแžถแž…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž–แžถแžŽแžทแž‡แŸ’แž‡แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžŠแŸแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‡แžถแž•แž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แŸ„แž‡แž“แŸแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžŠแŸแž’แŸ†แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž”แžพแž˜ แž•แŸ’แžแž›แŸ‹แž•แž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แŸ„แž‡แž“แŸแžŠแŸ„แž™แž•แŸ’แž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžš แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“แŸ” 

แžŠแžผแž…แž›แŸ„แž€แž”แŸ’แžšแž’แžถแž“แžถแž’แžทแž”แžแžธ แžŠแžผแžŽแžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžถแŸ† แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแž”แŸ’แžšแžถแžŸแŸ‹แž–แž“แŸ’แž’แžŠแžถแžšแž‡แžถแžงแž”แž€แžšแžŽแŸแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแž‰แžฒแŸ’แž™แžŸแŸ’แžšแž”แžแžถแž˜แž‚แŸ„แž›แž“แž™แŸ„แž”แžถแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แžขแžถแž…แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแž›แžพแž€แžถแžšแž–แžนแž„แž•แŸ’แžขแŸ‚แž€แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž…แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž›แžพแž–แžถแžŽแžทแž‡แŸ’แž‡แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžœแžทแžŸแŸแž™แžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแž‰แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž€แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž‘แž˜แŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‡แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžแŸ‚แž„ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แžแžปแžŸแžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž–แžธแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แž˜แŸ‰แžถแžŽแŸ‚แž แž“แžทแž„แž›แŸ„แž€ แž แŸŠแžปแž“ แžŸแŸ‚แž“แŸ” 

แžงแž‘แžถแž แžšแžŽแŸแž‘แžธแž–แžธแžšแž“แŸƒแžฑแž€แžถแžŸแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแžขแž“แžปแžœแžแŸ’แžแžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แž‚แžบแžœแžทแž“แžทแž™แŸ„แž‚แžทแž“แž…แžทแž“ แž“แžทแž„แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž…แžทแž“ แž˜แžถแž“แžฅแž‘แŸ’แž’แžทแž–แž›แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ…แž›แžพแžงแžŸแŸ’แžŸแžถแž แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แž€แžถแžšแž…แžผแž›แžšแžฝแž˜แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŸแŸŠแžธแž‡แž˜แŸ’แžšแŸ…แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž…แžทแž“แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แžถแžšแž•แž›แžทแžแžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž“แžผแžœแžŸแž˜แŸ’แž–แžถแž’ แž“แžทแž„แžฑแž€แžถแžŸแžŠแŸแžŸแŸ†แžแžถแž“แŸ‹แž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‘แž”แŸ‹แž‘แž›แŸ‹แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžšแžˆแŸ’แž›แžถแž“แž–แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แž“แžทแž„แž•แŸ’แž“แŸ‚แž€แž™แŸ„แž’แžถแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž…แžทแž“แž“แŸ…แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แžแžถแž˜แžšแž™แŸˆแž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแžพแž”แŸ’แžšแžถแžŸแŸ‹แž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžแŸ’แžšแž›แžพแž€แžถแžšแž–แžนแž„แž•แŸ’แžขแŸ‚แž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž›แžพแžœแžทแžŸแŸแž™แžœแžถแž™แž“แž—แžŽแŸ’แžŒแžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžถแžŽแžทแž‡แŸ’แž‡แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแžšแžœแžทแž“แžทแž™แŸ„แž‚แž“แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แžขแžถแž…แžšแžปแž‰แž…แŸ’แžšแžถแž“ แž”แŸ’แžšแž†แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžšแž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž…แžทแž“ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แž€แžพแž“แžกแžพแž„ แž“แžทแž„แž›แžพแž€แž‘แžนแž€แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแžฒแŸ’แž™แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แžแžปแžŸแžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžแŸ’แž–แžŸแŸ‹ แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž›แžพแž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แž“แžทแž„แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‰แžถแž™แŸ„แž’แžถแŸ”  

แž™แžพแž„แž”แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แžแž›แŸ‹แž‡แžผแž“แž“แžผแžœแžงแž‘แžถแž แžšแžŽแŸแž“แŸƒแž€แžถแžšแžแžถแž˜แžŠแžถแž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž’แŸ’แžœแžพ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž–แŸ’แž™แžถแž™แžถแž˜แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž™แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž”แžถแž“แž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แŸ” แž™แžพแž„ แž™แž›แŸ‹ แžแžถ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœ แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแžขแž“แžปแžœแžแŸ’แžแž“แŸ แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž‡แžถแž„แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž‘แŸ€แž แŸ” แž™แžพแž„ แž˜แžทแž“ แžขแžถแž… แž•แŸ’แžแž›แŸ‹ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžธ แž‘แžผแž›แŸ†แž‘แžผแž›แžถแž™ แž“แŸ… แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„ แž€แžทแž…แŸ’แž… แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžปแŸ† แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž‘แŸแŸ” แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚ แžŸแž แž‚แž˜แž“แŸแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แž˜แžถแž“แžแŸ‚แžแžถแž„แž˜แžปแž แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ†แžŽแž„แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แžšแžŸแžฝแž„แž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแžŸแž แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แž˜แžถแž“แžแŸ‚แžแžถแž„แž˜แžปแžแž‘แŸ€แž แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž‡แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžแŸ‚แž„แž”แž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž˜ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžขแžถแž…แžขแž“แžปแžœแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแž“แŸ” 

Previous
Previous

U.S. Department of State Roundtable on Cambodia March 26, 2025: Statements by the Khmer community

Next
Next

Complaint to UNESCO in Support of Amnesty Internationalโ€™s Finding that UNESCO was Complicit in Government of Cambodiaโ€™s Illegal โ€œMass Evictionsโ€ in Angkor Watโ€™s Traditional Villages